Understanding LTL Freight Class: A Guide to NMFC Density and Rates

The LTL Freight Class Scale LTL shipping is highly regulated. The NMFC assigns one of 18 shipping classes (ranging from 50 to 500) based on commodity properties.

The Density Chart (Pounds per Cubic Foot - PCF) Density is the primary factor. High-density cargo has low class numbers, while low-density cargo has high class numbers. * **Over 50 PCF**: Class 50 (Cheapest - e.g. steel bolts, bricks) * **15 to 22.5 PCF**: Class 70 (e.g. food items, heavy auto parts) * **8 to 9 PCF**: Class 100 (e.g. standard boxed electronics) * **Under 1 PCF**: Class 500 (Most Expensive - e.g. ping-pong balls, empty plastic jars)

How to Avoid Carrier Re-Class Fees Carriers pass freight through automated laser dimensioners (dim scanners) at sorting terminals. If your reported weight or dimensions are off by even an inch, they will issue a **re-weight fee** ($50-$150) and recalculate the freight rate. Always measure the furthest outer edges of your pallet, including plastic wrap bulges.